Research sources and publications
Content note: Educational content aligned with publicly available patient materials from the Crohn's & Colitis Foundation and other major IBD education sources. Content is used under license from the Foundation for patient education; the Foundation does not endorse IBDPal or MediVue products or services. Last reviewed June 2026. Not individual medical advice.
Educational use only. IBDPal does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult your gastroenterologist or IBD care team for personal decisions.
Organizational education sources and peer-reviewed publication gateways for Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, extraintestinal associations, and broader autoimmune topics. IBDPal links to originals and summarizes in patient-friendly language. Not medical advice.
Reuse and licensing notes
Many U.S. government health pages are public information, but not every image, journal article, or third-party item on a federal site is reusable. IBDPal links to originals, summarizes in our own words, and notes source reuse guidance when available. Always check the publisher page before copying charts, images, PDFs, or licensed third-party material.
Stem Cell Therapeutics for Crohn's Disease
NHSJS review of stem cell therapeutics for Crohn's disease: immune modulation, tissue repair themes, clinical-trial context, limitations, and future directions. Linked for education; not medical advice.
AGA Clinical Practice Update: Diet and Nutritional Therapies in IBD (2024)
AGA guidance on how gastroenterologists may discuss diet and nutritional therapies with IBD patients. Covers enteral nutrition, exclusion diets, micronutrients, and when to involve a dietitian. Emphasizes that diet supports medical care and is not a standalone cure.
Crohn's & Colitis Congress 2024: IBD Diet & Nutrition Research Updates
Recap of nutrition-focused presentations from the 2024 Crohn's & Colitis Congress. Highlights emerging diet trials, patient-reported outcomes, and practical themes clinicians discussed for Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Micronutrient Deficiency in Crohn's Disease
Overview of common vitamin and mineral shortfalls in Crohn's disease, including iron, B12, vitamin D, and folate. Explains why inflammation, surgery, and diet restriction can raise deficiency risk and why labs matter.
NIH Office of Dietary Supplements: Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI)
Official NIH hub for U.S. Dietary Reference Intakes. Reference amounts for energy, protein, vitamins, and minerals vary by age and sex. IBDPal uses these values as baseline daily tracking goals, not personalized prescriptions.
Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI): Summary Report
Authoritative U.S. reference values for macronutrients, vitamins, and minerals. Complements the NIH ODS DRI tables. IBD teams adapt general DRIs when inflammation, malabsorption, or steroid use changes individual needs.
Crohn's Disease
NIDDK's Crohn's disease hub covers definition and facts, symptoms and causes, diagnosis, treatment, eating and nutrition, and clinical trials. Useful as a public, government-backed starting point for patient education.
Ulcerative Colitis
NIDDK's ulcerative colitis hub explains UC basics, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment options, diet and nutrition, and research links in patient-friendly language.
Crohn's Disease
MedlinePlus brings together Crohn's disease summaries, tests, treatments, living-with resources, clinical trials, journal article links, and patient handouts from NLM, NIH, and other trusted organizations.
Ulcerative Colitis
MedlinePlus collects UC summaries, diagnosis and test resources, treatment links, clinical trial links, journal article references, and patient handouts in one government health topic page.
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) Basics
CDC overview of IBD as a lifelong group of diseases, including Crohn's and ulcerative colitis, with symptoms, complications, medication categories, and quality-of-life context.
IBD Facts and Stats
CDC summarizes U.S. IBD prevalence estimates, differences across groups, health behaviors, comorbidities, and health care cost patterns, including estimates of 2.4 to 3.1 million people affected.
Clinical Trials for Crohn's Disease
NIDDK explains what Crohn's clinical trials are, how ClinicalTrials.gov lists studies, and examples of NIDDK-supported research such as IBD genetics and microbiome work.
Clinical Trials for Ulcerative Colitis
NIDDK explains ulcerative colitis clinical studies, ClinicalTrials.gov search pathways, and NIDDK-supported work such as IBD genetics and pediatric colitis response research.
ClinicalTrials.gov: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Official U.S. registry for clinical studies. Patients can search IBD studies by condition, recruiting status, location, sponsor, and study type, then discuss possible participation with their care team.
Probiotics: What You Need To Know
NCCIH explains probiotics, research uncertainty, safety considerations, and why supplement use should be discussed with clinicians, especially for people with serious illness or immune concerns.
Biosimilar and Interchangeable Biologics: More Treatment Choices
FDA consumer education explaining biosimilars and interchangeable biologics, how they compare with reference biologics, and why they may increase treatment options and access.
Extraintestinal Manifestations of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (PubMed)
PubMed search gateway for peer-reviewed literature on IBD extraintestinal manifestations. Use with your clinician to interpret individual papers; IBDPal links rather than republishing full texts.
Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis and IBD (PubMed)
Literature entry point for PSC-IBD association, surveillance themes, and hepatology research. Patient decisions require specialist care, not abstract reading alone.
Ankylosing Spondylitis / Spondyloarthritis and IBD (PubMed)
Peer-reviewed research on axial spondyloarthritis overlapping with Crohn's and ulcerative colitis, including shared therapy discussions in the literature.
Psoriasis and Inflammatory Bowel Disease (PubMed)
Research listings on psoriasis-IBD comorbidity and shared inflammatory pathways. Useful for readers preparing dermatology or GI questions.
Celiac Disease and IBD Overlap (PubMed)
Literature on celiac-IBD coexistence and diagnostic sequencing before long gluten-free trials.
Venous Thromboembolism Risk in IBD (PubMed)
Research on elevated clot risk during IBD flares and hospitalizations. Supports patient awareness articles; emergency symptoms still need urgent care.
Osteoporosis and Bone Disease in IBD (PubMed)
Peer-reviewed work on bone density, vitamin D, and corticosteroid exposure in Crohn's and colitis.
Diet Therapy and Nutrition Trials in IBD (PubMed)
Entry point to diet and nutrition intervention studies in IBD, including enteral nutrition and patterned diets studied in trials.
PMC Open-Access IBD Extraintestinal Reviews
PubMed Central hosts open-access full texts when authors or journals deposit them. Prefer PMC when you need free full-text reading of EIM reviews.
Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis Overview
NIDDK patient-facing overview of PSC symptoms, diagnosis themes, and care concepts, including IBD association context on NIH pages.
Ankylosing Spondylitis
MedlinePlus hub for AS definitions, treatments, and related genetics resources that patients can read beside IBD joint education.
Psoriasis
Government health topic page on psoriasis symptoms and treatments for readers exploring skin-gut immune overlap.
Celiac Disease
MedlinePlus celiac overview covering testing and gluten-free diet basics useful before long elimination trials in IBD.
ACG IBD Clinical Guidelines Hub
ACG publishes clinician guidelines for IBD and related GI conditions. Patients can skim titles and discuss relevant recommendations with their gastroenterologist.
AGA Journals: IBD Research and Clinical Updates
Gateway to AGA journal portfolios where clinicians publish IBD trials, nutrition updates, and practice guidance.
Nature Portfolio: Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research
Nature Portfolio search for IBD mechanistic and translational papers. Best used with clinician interpretation; many articles are paywalled.
The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology: IBD Topic Browse
Lancet specialty journal covering GI and liver clinical research, including IBD trials and reviews often discussed in academic clinics.
NEJM: Inflammatory Bowel Disease Articles
NEJM search results for IBD clinical articles and reviews commonly cited in specialty care.
Crohn's & Colitis Foundation: Patients and Caregivers
Foundation patient and caregiver education hub covering disease basics, diet, support programs, and navigating care. Selected Foundation Marks and education appear on IBDPal under license; the Foundation does not endorse IBDPal.
Crohn's & Colitis Foundation: What is IBD?
Foundation overview of inflammatory bowel disease for patients and families. Use as a trusted education starting point beside clinic advice.
Crohn's & Colitis Foundation: Diet and Nutrition
Foundation diet and nutrition education for IBD. Pair with dietitian care; diet does not replace medication for inflammation.
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Research (PubMed)
PubMed gateway for peer-reviewed SLE research. Use with clinician interpretation; IBDPal summarizes themes only.
Rheumatoid Arthritis Research (PubMed)
Literature entry point for RA pathogenesis, therapeutics, and comorbidity research.
Hashimoto's Thyroiditis Research (PubMed)
PubMed listings on autoimmune thyroiditis diagnosis and management themes.
Diet and Autoimmune Disease Research (PubMed)
Research gateway for diet interventions and observational nutrition studies across autoimmune conditions.
Lupus
Government health topic page on lupus symptoms, diagnosis themes, and treatments for patient-friendly reading.
Rheumatoid Arthritis
MedlinePlus RA hub for definitions, treatments, and related genetics resources.
How IBDPal nutrition baselines work
- Baseline macronutrient and micronutrient targets follow U.S. Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI) from NIH, adjusted by age and sex.
- Calorie, protein, and fluid estimates also consider basic profile inputs such as current weight. A single formula like 30 kcal per kg is not enough for every patient.
- Higher calorie, protein, vitamin, or mineral needs during active disease, malabsorption, or deficiency are clinical decisions made with your gastroenterologist or IBD dietitian.
- IBDPal tracks food and fluids against general reference levels. It does not prescribe supplements or replace medical nutrition therapy.
- AGA guidance and IBD research explain when labs and dietitian visits matter. DRI tables define population reference ranges; your team personalizes targets.
Related on IBDPal
Educational only. Not medical advice. Verify organization details before you rely on them.